Ukusetyenziswa kwemagnethi ye-neodymium kwiimotor zombane
Namhlanje, kuxhaphake kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kweemagnethi ze-neodymium kwiimoto zombane zonyuke kakhulu, ngakumbi ngenxa yemfuno ekhulayo ekhoyo yeemoto zombane kwimarike yeemoto zehlabathi.
Iinjini zombane kunye notshintsho lobuchwepheshe obutsha ziphambili kwaye oomazibuthe banendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka bayidlalile kwikamva loshishino lwehlabathi kunye nezothutho. Iimagnethi zeNeodymium zisebenza njengestator okanye inxalenye yemoto yombane eqhelekileyo engashukumiyo. I-rotors, inxalenye ehambayo, iya kuba yinto ehambayo ye-electromagnetic coupling edonsa iipod ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwityhubhu.
Kwiimotor zombane, iimagnethi ze-neodymium zisebenza ngcono xa iimotor zincinci kwaye zikhaphukhaphu. Ukusuka kwi-injini ejikeleza idiski yeDVD ukuya kumavili emoto exutyiweyo, iimagnethi ze-neodymium zisetyenziswa kuyo yonke imoto.
Umazibuthe we-neodymium oneqondo eliphantsi lokunyanzeliswa unokuqalisa ukuphulukana namandla ukuba ubushushu obungaphezulu kwe-80°C. Ukunyanzeliswa okuphezulu kwemagnethi ye-neodymium iphuhliswe ukuba isebenze kumaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-220 ° C, kunye nelahleko encinci engenakubuyiselwa. Imfuno yomlinganiso wobushushu obuphantsi kwizicelo zemagnethi ye-neodymium ikhokelele kuphuhliso lwamabakala amaninzi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokusebenza.
Kuzo zonke iimoto kunye noyilo lwexesha elizayo, inani leenjini zombane kunye ne-solenoids zilungile kumanani aphindwe kabini. Zifumaneka, umzekelo, kwi:
-Iinjini zombane kwiifestile.
-Iinjini zombane ze wipers zomoya.
-Iinkqubo zokuvala umnyango.
Elinye lawona malungu abalulekileyo kwiimotor zombane ziimagnethi zeneodymium. Umazibuthe udla ngokuba yinxalenye emileyo yemoto kwaye ibonelela ngamandla okwala ukwenza isetyhula okanye intshukumo yomgama.
Iimagnethi zeNeodymium kwiimotor zombane zinezibonelelo ezininzi kunezinye iintlobo zemagnethi, ngakumbi kwiimotor ezisebenza kakhulu okanye apho ukunciphisa ubungakanani kuyinto ebalulekileyo. Ukhumbula ukuba zonke iitekhnoloji ezintsha zijolise ekunciphiseni ubungakanani bemveliso, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ezi njini kungekudala ziya kuthatha imarike yonke.
Imagnethi ye-Neodymium isetyenziswa ngakumbi kushishino lweemoto, kwaye yaba yeyona ndlela ikhethwayo yokuyila usetyenziso olutsha lwemagnethi kweli candelo.
Intshukumo yehlabathi ngokubhekiselele ekufakweni kombane kwezithuthi iyaqhubeka iqokelela amandla. Ngo-2010, inani leemoto zombane ezindleleni zehlabathi lafikelela kwi-7.2 yezigidi, apho i-46% yazo ibiseChina. Ngo-2030, inani leemoto zombane kulindeleke ukuba lidumbe ukuya kwi-250 yezigidi, ukukhula okukhulu ngexesha elifutshane.
Iimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizithuthi eziqhutywa kukutsha kunye neenjini zombane. Kukho amacandelo amabini abalulekileyo kwisithuthi sombane esibonisa iimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo; iinjini kunye nezivamvo. Ingqwalasela yiMotors.
Izithuthi zombane eziqhutywa ngebhetri (EVs) zifumana ukuqhutywa kwimoto yombane endaweni yenjini yokutsha yangaphakathi. Amandla okuqhuba i-motor yombane avela kwi-pack traction yebhetri enkulu. Ukugcina kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhetri, injini yombane kufuneka isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
Iimagnethi ziyinxalenye ephambili kwiinjini zombane. Injini isebenza xa ikhoyili yocingo, ejikelezwe ziimagnethi ezinamandla, ijikeleza. Umbane owenziwe kwi-coil ukhupha i-magnetic field, echasene ne-magnetic field ekhutshwe yi-magnets enamandla. Oku kudala ifuthe elicekisayo, kufana nokubeka iimagnethi ezimbini zomntla-pali ecaleni kwenye.
Le repulsion ibangela ukuba ikhoyili ijike okanye ijike ngesantya esiphezulu. Le coil ifakwe kwi-axle kwaye ukujikeleza kuqhuba amavili esithuthi.
Itekhnoloji yemagnethi iyaqhubeka nokuvela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezintsha zezithuthi zombane. Okwangoku, eyona magnethi isetyenziswa kwiimotor kwizithuthi ezixubeneyo kunye nezithuthi zombane (ngokomandla kunye nobukhulu) yiRare Earth Neodymium. I-Diffused Diffused boundary Diffused Dysprosium yenza uxinano lwamandla aphezulu, okukhokelela kwiinkqubo ezincinci kunye nezisebenzayo.
I-avareji ye-hybrid okanye isithuthi sombane sisebenzisa phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-5 kg yemagnethi ye-Rare Earth, kuxhomekeke kuyilo. Iimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zibandakanya:
-Ukufudumala, ukungena komoya kunye neenkqubo zomoya (HVAC);
-Ukuqhuba, ukuhanjiswa kunye neziqhoboshi;
-Injini yeHybrid okanye indawo yombane yombane;
-Izinzwa ezifana nezokhuseleko, izihlalo, iikhamera, njl.
-Umnyango kunye neefestile;
-Inkqubo yolonwabo (izithethi, unomathotholo, njl njl);
-Iibhetri zemoto zombane
-Iinkqubo zamafutha kunye ne-exhaust yeeHybrids;
Ngo-2030, ukukhula kwezithuthi zombane kuya kubangela ukwanda kwemfuno yeenkqubo zombane. Njengoko itekhnoloji ye-EV ikhula, usetyenziso lwemagnethi esele lukhona lunokusuka kude kwiimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ziye kwezinye iinkqubo ezinjengokungafuni kokutshintsha okanye iinkqubo zemagnethi ye-ferrite. Nangona kunjalo, kucingelwa ukuba iimagnethi ze-neodymium ziya kuqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyilo lweenjini zeHybrid kunye negumbi lemoto yombane. Ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno ilindelekileyo ye-neodymium yee-EVs, abahlalutyi beemarike balindele:
-Ukwandiswa kwemveliso yi-China kunye nabanye abavelisi be-neodymium;
-Ukuphuhliswa koovimba abatsha;
-Ukurisayikilishwa kweemagnethi ze-neodymium ezisetyenziswa kwizithuthi, izinto zombane kunye nezinye izinto;
I-Honsen Magnetics yenza uluhlu olubanzi lweemagnethi kunye neendibano zemagnethi. Ezininzi zezezicelo ezithile. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya nakweyiphi na imveliso ekhankanywe kolu phononongo, okanye kwiindibano zemagnethi kunye noyilo lwemagnethi, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi nge-imeyile yefowuni.
