Kwixesha elidlulileyo sathetha malunga nokuba yintoniIimagnethi zeNdFeB.Kodwa abantu abaninzi basabhidekile malunga nokuba yintoni imagnethi ye-NdFeB. Ngeli xesha ndiza kuchaza ukuba zeziphi iimagnethi zeNdFeB kule mibono ilandelayo.
1.Ngaba imagnethi ye-neodymium ecocekileyo i-neodymium?
2.Zintoni iimagnethi ze-neodymium?
3.Buyintoni ubomi bemagnethi ye-neodymium?
4.Ziziphi izinto ezipholileyo endinokuzenza ngemagnethi ye-neodymium?
5.Kutheni iimagnethi zeneodymium zomelele kangaka?
6.Kutheni iimagnethi zeneodymium zibiza kakhulu?
7.Indlela yokucoca i-neodymium magnetic spheres?
8.Ulifumana njani ibakala lemagnethi ye-neodymium?
9.Ingaba kukho umda wokuba ungakanani umazibuthe we-neodymium?
0.Ingaba i-neodymium imagnetic ngamandla kwimo yayo ecocekileyo?
Masiqalise
1.Ngaba imagnethi ye-neodymium ecocekileyo i-neodymium?
Maninzi amagama esiwabiza ngokuba ziimagnethi ze-neodymium, kodwa asenokubizwa ngokuba ziimagnethi ze-NdFeB, iimagnethi ze-NEO okanye amanye amagama. Ngokusebenzisa la magama, siyazi ukuba imagnethi ye-neodymium iqulethe iindidi zentsimbi, ubuncinane sinokuqiniseka ukuba imagnethi ye-neodymium iqulethe i-neodymium, isinyithi kunye ne-boron.
Imagnethi ye-Neodymium yenziwa ngokudibanisa i-neodymium, intsimbi, kunye ne-boron kunye ukwenza uhlobo lwemagnethi esisigxina eyaziwa ngokuba yi-neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) umazibuthe. I-neodymium kwezi magnethi ayiqhelekanga, kodwa endaweni yoko i-alloy ebandakanya i-neodymium kunye nezinye izinto ezinjenge-dysprosium, terbium, okanye ipraseodymium.
Ukongezwa kwezi zinto zezinye kwi-neodymium kunceda ekuphuculeni iimpawu zemagnethi zemagnethi ye-NdFeB, njengokwandisa ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokuchasana nokukhutshwa kweemagnethi. Ukuqulunqwa okuchanekileyo kwe-alloy ye-neodymium esetyenziswe kwimagnethi ye-NdFeB inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo esithile kunye neemfuno zokusebenza.
Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo
2.Zintoni iimagnethi ze-neodymium?
Imagnethi yeNeodymium luhlobo lwemagnethi eyomeleleyo, esisigxina eyenziwe ngealloy ye-neodymium, intsimbi, kunye neboron. Zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) iimagnethi okanye iimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, njengoko i-neodymium yenye yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba.
Imagnethi ye-Neodymium inamandla kakhulu, inomhlaba wemagnethi womelele ngakumbi kunezinye iintlobo zemagnethi, ezinje ngeferrite okanye ialnico magnets. Zinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kubandakanywa ukusetyenziswa kwii-hard drives zekhompyutha, ii-injini zomoya, ii-motor zombane, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nezithethi ezivakalayo.
Ngenxa yamandla azo, iimagnethi ze-neodymium zinokusetyenziswa kubungakanani obuncinci kwaye zibonelela ngamandla amakhulu. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zombane ezixineneyo apho indawo incinyiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, iimagnethi ze-neodymium nazo zi-brittle kwaye zinokuqhekeka ngokulula okanye zophuka, ngoko ke kufuneka ziphathwe ngononophelo.
Lilonke, iimagnethi ze-neodymium ziyinxalenye ephambili kwiitekhnoloji ezininzi zanamhlanje ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezinamandla kunye nokuguquguquka.
3.Buyintoni ubomi bemagnethi ye-neodymium?
Iimagnethi zeNeodymium ziyaziwa ngommandla wazo owomeleleyo wemagnethi, kodwa zinobomi obulinganiselweyo. Ubomi bemagnethi ye-neodymium bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubungakanani bayo, imilo, kunye nokusingqongileyo esetyenziswa kuyo.
Ngokubanzi, imagnethi ye-neodymium yomelele kwaye inokuhlala iminyaka emininzi, kunye namashumi eminyaka, ukuba isetyenziswe kwaye igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, banokuphulukana namandla abo emagnethi ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngakumbi ukuba bavezwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye amandla emagnethi anamandla.
Ubomi obuchanekileyo bemagnethi ye-neodymium kunokuba nzima ukuqikelela, njengoko kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Kodwa ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kakuhle, imagnethi ye-neodymium inokuhlala ixesha elide, kwaye ihlala inde kunezinye iintlobo zemagnethi.
Ukwandisa ubomi bemagnethi ye-neodymium, kubalulekile ukuyigcina ngokufanelekileyo, ukuyigcina kude kwezinye iimagnethi ezinokuchaphazela imagnethi yayo, kwaye uphephe ukuyichanaba kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye imagnethi eyomeleleyo. Ukongeza, iimagnethi ze-neodymium kufuneka ziphathwe ngononophelo, njengoko zibuthathaka kwaye zinokuqhekeka ngokulula okanye zophuka ukuba ziwisiwe okanye ziphathwa kakubi.
| iminyaka | Ilahleko engumndilili wemagnethi |
| 1 | 0.0% |
| 2 | 0.0112% |
| 3 | 0.002% |
| 4 | 0.25% |
| 5 | 0.195% |
| 6 | 0.187% |
| 7 | 0.452% |
| 8 | 0.365% |
| 9 | 0.365% |
| 10 | 0.526% |
| 11 | 0.448% |
Le datha iyancipha ukusuka kunyaka odlulileyo, kunye namaqela ambalwa ovavanyo lwereferensi kuphela
4.Ziziphi izinto ezipholileyo endinokuzenza ngemagnethi ye-neodymium?
Imagnethi yeNeodymium yomelele ngokumangalisayo kwaye iyaguquguquka, kwaye zininzi izinto ezipholileyo onokuzenza ngazo. Nazi iimbono ezimbalwa:
Yenza isixhobo sokulinganisa imagnethi: Ungasebenzisa imagnethi ye-neodymium ukwenza isixhobo esilula sokulinganisa, apho umazibuthe omnye uxhonywe emoyeni ngaphezu komnye umazibuthe. Oku kunokuba luvavanyo olumnandi nolunomtsalane lokubonisa amandla emagnethi ye-neodymium.
Yenza i-magnetic stirrer: Imagnethi ye-Neodymium ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-magnetic stirrer ukwenzela imifuniselo yenzululwazi okanye ukwenziwa kwebhiya ekhaya. Ngokubeka umazibuthe kwisikhongozelo solwelo kunye nokusebenzisa umazibuthe wesibini phantsi kwesikhongozeli, unokwenza isiphumo esishukumisayo ngaphandle kokufuna ukulushukumisa ngokwalo ulwelo.
Yakha ainjini yamagnetic: Imagnethi ye-Neodymium ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza imotor elula esebenza ngamandla kazibuthe endaweni yombane. Oku kunokuba yiprojekthi eyonwabisayo nefundisayo yabantwana okanye nabani na onomdla kwizinto zombane.
Yenza ubucwebe bemagnethi: Imagnethi yeNeodymium inokudityaniswa kuyilo lobucwebe, njengezacholo zemagnethi, iintsimbi zomqala, okanye amacici. Oku kunokubonelela ngesincedisi esisodwa kunye nesitayile ngelixa sikwathatha inzuzo yeempawu zonyango zemagnethi.
Yenza imagnethiumdlalo wokuloba: Imagnethi yeNeodymium ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza umdlalo wokuloba omnandi, apho iimagnethi zincanyathiselwe eziphelweni zemigca yokuloba kwaye zisetyenziselwa "ukubamba" izinto zentsimbi kwisikhongozeli samanzi.
Yakha inqaba magnetic ngeIibhola zemagnethi zeNdFeB: kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeebhola zemagnethi ze-NdFeB kwimarike namhlanje. Ezi bhola zemagnethi zeNdFeB zihlala zinemibala kwaye zimagnetic, kwaye ezinye ziqatywe ngepeyinti ekhanyayo-ebumnyameni. Nokuba ufuna ukudlala nazo ngokwakho okanye uzisebenzise nomntwana wakho ukuze umncede aphuhlise ubuchule bakhe bokuyila, lukhetho olukhulu.
5.Kutheni iimagnethi zeneodymium zomelele kangaka?
Imagnethi ye-Neodymium yomelele kakhulu ngenxa yendibaniselwano yazo ekhethekileyo yezinto kunye nokwakheka kwekristale.
Imagnethi ye-Neodymium yenziwe ngealloyi ye-neodymium, intsimbi, kunye ne-boron, kwaye i-elementi ye-neodymium sisinyithi somhlaba esinqabileyo nesaziwa ngeempawu zayo ezinamandla zemagneti. Ukongeza kwi-neodymium, i-alloy iqulethe ezinye izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, ezifana ne-dysprosium, i-terbium, okanye i-praseodymium, ezinceda ukunyusa iimpawu zemagneti zento.
Ubume bekristale bemagnethi ye-neodymium ikwayinto ebalulekileyo kumandla abo. Iikristali zilungelelaniswa ngendlela ethile ngexesha lokwenziwa kwemveliso, enceda ukudala umbane oqinileyo kunye nohambelanayo kwizinto eziphathekayo. Le nkqubo yokulungelelanisa yaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo ye "sintering", ebandakanya ukufudumeza kunye nokucinezela i-neodymium alloy powder ibe yibhloko eqinileyo.
Isiphumo sezi zinto yimagnethi enemagnethi eyomeleleyo ngokumangalisayo enokuthi itsale okanye igxothe ezinye iimagnethi zimgama. Oku kwenza ukuba iimagnethi ze-neodymium zilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusuka koomatshini boshishino ukuya kwi-elektroniki yabathengi. Nangona kunjalo, amandla abo athetha ukuba kufuneka baphathwe ngononophelo, njengoko banokuzonakalisa ngokulula izixhobo zombane okanye ukucofa iminwe ukuba aziphathwanga kakuhle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-16-2023