Ukudityaniswa kweMagnetic ludibaniso olungaqhagamshelwanga olusebenzisa umhlaba wemagnethi ukuhambisa itorque, amandla okanye intshukumo ukusuka kwelinye ilungu elijikelezayo ukuya kwelinye. Udluliselo lwenzeka ngesithintelo esingeso-magnetic esinezithintelo ngaphandle konxibelelwano lwasemzimbeni. I-couplings zimbini ezichasayo zeediski okanye ii-rotors ezifakwe kwiimagnethi.
Ukusetyenziswa kokudibanisa kwamagnetic kubuyela kuvavanyo oluyimpumelelo lukaNikola Tesla ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. I-Tesla ilayite izibane ngaphandle kwamacingo usebenzisa i-near-field resonant inductive coupling. Ingcali yefiziksi yaseSkotlani kunye nenjineli uMhlekazi uAlfred Ewing wayiqhubela phambili ithiyori yokungeniswa kwemagnethi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Oku kukhokelele ekuphuhliseni inani letekhnoloji esebenzisa imagnethi yokudibanisa. Ukudityaniswa kwemagnethi kwizicelo ezifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza ngamandla ngakumbi kwenzeke kwisiqingatha senkulungwane yokugqibela. Ukuvuthwa kweenkqubo eziphambili zokwenziwa kunye nokwanda kokufumaneka kwezinto ezinqabileyo zemagneti yomhlaba kwenza oku kwenzeke.
Ngelixa zonke iintambo zemagneti zisebenzisa iipropathi zamagnetic ezifanayo kunye nesiseko samandla omatshini, kukho iindidi ezimbini ezahlukileyo ngokuyila.
Iindidi eziphambili zimbini ziquka:
-Idiskhi-uhlobo oludityanisiweyo olubandakanya iihafu ezimbini zediski zobuso ngobuso ezifakwe ngothotho lweemagnethi apho itorque ikhutshelwa ngapha komsantsa ukusuka kwelinye idiski ukuya kwelinye.
-Ukudityaniswa kohlobo lwe-synchronous olunje ngokudityaniswa kwemagnethi esisigxina, ukudityaniswa kwe-coaxial kunye nokudityaniswa kwe-rotor apho i-rotor yangaphakathi ifakwe ngaphakathi kwi-rotor yangaphandle kunye neemagnethi ezisisigxina zokuhambisa i-torque ukusuka kwenye i-rotor ukuya kwenye.
Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zimbini ziphambili, ukudityaniswa kwamagnetic kubandakanya i-spherical, eccentric, spiral kunye noyilo olungenamgca. Ezi ndlela zokudityaniswa kwemagnethi zinceda ekusebenziseni itorque kunye nokungcangcazela, ngokukodwa ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zebhayoloji, ikhemistri, i-quantum mechanics, kunye nehydraulics.
Ngamabinzana alula, ukudityaniswa kwemagnethi kusebenza kusetyenziswa ingcamango esisiseko etsala iipali ezichasene nemagnethi. Umtsalane weemagnethi uhambisa i-torque ukusuka kwindawo enye enemagnethi ukuya kwenye (ukusuka kwilungu eliqhubayo lokudibanisa ukuya kwilungu eliqhutywayo). Torque ichaza amandla ajikelezisa into. Njengoko umfutho wangaphandle we-angular usetyenziswa kwindawo enye enemagnethi, iqhuba enye ngokusasaza i-torque ngokwemagnethi phakathi kwezithuba okanye ngesithintelo esingeso-magnetic esinezithintelo ezifana nodonga olwahlulayo.
Ubungakanani betorque eveliswa yile nkqubo imiselwa ziinguqu ezifana nezi:
-Ubushushu bokusebenza
-Indalo engqongileyo apho ukuqhubekekiswa kwenzeka khona
-Ipolarization yemagnethi
-Inani leeperi zepali
-Imilinganiselo yeepali zeepali, kuquka isithuba, idiameter kunye nobude
-I-angular offset ehambelanayo yezibini
-Ukutshintsha kwezibini
Ngokuxhomekeke kukulungelelaniswa kweemagnethi kunye neediski okanye i-rotors, i-polarization yamagnetic i-radial, tangential okanye i-axial. I-Torque idluliselwa kwindawo enye okanye ngaphezulu ezihambayo.
Ukudityaniswa kwemagnethi kuthathwa njengeyona nto iphakamileyo kunokudibanisa oomatshini bemveli ngeendlela ezininzi.
Ukunqongophala koqhagamshelwano neendawo ezihambayo:
-Yehlisa ingxabano
-Ivelisa ubushushu obuncinci
-Usebenzisa kakhulu amandla avelisiweyo
-Iziphumo zokuguga kancinci
-Akukho ngxolo
-Iphelisa imfuneko yokuthambisa
Ukongeza, uyilo oluvaliweyo olunxulunyaniswa neentlobo ezithile ze-synchronous luvumela ukudityaniswa kwamagnetic ukuba kwenziwe njengobungqina bothuli, ubungqina bolwelo kunye nobungqina bokuhlwa. Izixhobo ziyakwazi ukumelana ne-corrosion kwaye zenzelwe ukujongana neendawo zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo. Olunye uncedo luphawu lwemagnethi oluqhawulayo olumisela ukuhambelana kokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezineengozi ezinokubakho. Ukongezelela, izixhobo ezisebenzisa i-couplings magnetic zineendleko ezingaphezulu kunokudibanisa ngomatshini xa zibekwe kwiindawo ezinokufikelela okulinganiselwe. Ukudityaniswa kwemagnethi lukhetho oludumileyo kwiinjongo zovavanyo kunye nokufakwa kwethutyana.
Udibaniso lwemagnethi lusebenza kakuhle kwaye lusebenza kusetyenziso oluninzi olungaphezulu komhlaba olubandakanya:
-IiRobhothi
-Injineli yeekhemikhali
-Izixhobo zonyango
-Ukufakwa komatshini
-Ukulungiswa kokutya
-Oomatshini bokujikeleza
Okwangoku, i-magnetic couplings ixabiswa ngokusebenza kwayo xa ifakwe emanzini. IiMoto ezivalelwe kwisithintelo esingeso-magnetic ngaphakathi kweempompo zolwelo kunye neenkqubo zepropeller zivumela amandla kazibuthe asebenzise ipropeller okanye iinxalenye zempompo ezidibana nolwelo. Ukungaphumeleli kweshafu yamanzi okubangelwa kukungena kwamanzi kwindlu yemoto kuphetshwa ngokujikeleza iseti yeemagnethi kwisikhongozeli esitywiniweyo.
Usetyenziso lwangaphantsi kwamanzi lubandakanya:
-Diver propulsion izithuthi
-Iimpompo zeAquarium
-Izithuthi eziphantsi kwamanzi ezisebenza kude
Njengoko itekhnoloji iphucuka, ukudityaniswa kwamagnetic kuye kuxhaphake ngakumbi njengokutshintshwa kwesantya esiguquguqukayo sokuqhuba kwiimpompo kunye neenjini zefeni. Umzekelo wosetyenziso olubalulekileyo lwemizi-mveliso ziinjini ezingaphakathi kweeinjini zomoya ezinkulu.
Inani, ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lweemagnethi ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokudibanisa kunye netorque ehambelanayo eveliswayo ziinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo.
Eminye ingcaciso ibandakanya:
-Ubukho bomqobo phakathi kwezibini zemagneti, zifanele izixhobo zokuntywiliselwa emanzini.
-Ipolarization magnetic
-Inani leenxalenye ezihambayo ze-torque zihanjiswa ngemagnethi
Iimagnethi ezisetyenziswa kudityaniso lwemagnethi zenza izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezifana neodymium iron boron okanye samarium cobalt. Izithintelo ezikhoyo phakathi kwezibini zemagneti zenziwe ngezinto ezingezizo zemagneti. Imizekelo yemathiriyeli engatsalwanga ziimagnethi yintsimbi engatyiwa, titanium, iplastiki, iglasi kunye nefiberglass. Intsalela yamalungu adityaniswe nakweliphi na icala lodibaniso lwemagnethi iyafana naleyo isetyenziswa kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo enokudibanisa koomatshini besintu.
Udibaniso oluchanekileyo lwemagnethi kufuneka luhlangabezane nenqanaba elifunekayo letorque echaziweyo kumsebenzi ocetywayo. Ngaphambili, amandla emagnethi ayesisithintelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukufunyanwa kunye nokwanda kokufumaneka kweemagnethi ezikhethekileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zikhula ngokukhawuleza amandla okudityaniswa kwemagnethi.
Uqwalaselo lwesibini luyimfuneko yokuba udityaniso luntywiliselwe ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo emanzini okanye kwezinye iindlela zolwelo. Abavelisi bokudibanisa imagnethi babonelela ngeenkonzo zokwenza ngokwezifiso kwiimfuno ezizodwa kunye nezigxininisiweyo.
